คำศัพท์ TOEFL

because something might happen and preparation for it may be needed

以防；以备

when considered alongside the person, thing, or situation named afterward

与……相比

used to introduce a final statement that brings a discussion or piece of writing to a close

最后；综上所述；引出结束讨论或文章的最后陈述

greater than the stated number or amount

超过；多于

used to introduce information presented as true, often to correct or strengthen something just said

事实上；用于补充、加强或纠正前述内容

when considering what is usually true rather than every individual case or detail

一般来说；总体上；概括通常的情况而不逐一涵盖所有个例

mainly, although not completely or exclusively

在很大程度上；主要地

Considering particular information or circumstances when forming a judgment or deciding what to do.

鉴于；考虑到；在判断或决定行动时考虑相关信息或情况

used to mark a statement as the speaker's or writer's own judgment

在我看来；我认为

used to express the same main idea again in a clearer or different way

换句话说；也就是说

with separate activities or processes taking place at the same time

并行地；同时推进

used to direct special attention to one selected person, thing, or aspect within a broader context

尤其；特别是；将注意力集中于较大范围中的特定对象或方面

In actual use or real situations, as distinct from a plan, theory, or general idea.

实际上；在实际操作中；与计划、理论或总体设想相区别

At the level of a general idea or rule, without settling every practical detail.

原则上；在总体理念或规则层面，而非已经解决所有实际细节

in a way that corresponds to the relative amount or size of something else

按……的比例；与……成比例

as a reaction to an event, request, or change

作为对……的回应；响应

one after another in a particular order

按顺序；依次

despite the difficulty, fact, or situation mentioned

尽管；不顾

used to introduce a condensed statement of the main points already presented

概括而言；简要总结；引出对已有要点的浓缩表述

Providing reasons, evidence, or backing for a claim, proposal, or position.

为支持……；提供理由、证据或赞同，以支持某个主张、提议或立场

with reference to a specified aspect or measure used to describe, assess, or compare something

就……而言；从……方面看；指出描述、评价或比较所采用的角度

if the situation named afterward happens

如果发生……；万一出现……

over a long period, when later effects are considered

从长远来看；就长期结果而言

during the period before another event happens or a situation changes

在此期间；与此同时

using a similar method or showing a similar relationship

以同样的方式；同样地

when considering the particular aspect that has just been mentioned

在这一方面；就刚才提到的特定方面而言

early enough to do something or avoid missing an opportunity

及时；来得及

with all the relevant parts added together

总共；合计

as the next effect or step in a sequence of causes and results

继而；进而；转而