คำศัพท์ TOEFL

Channels and organizations through which news, information, and entertainment reach the public.

媒体；向公众传播新闻、信息和娱乐内容的渠道及机构

The ability to access, interpret, evaluate, and create media messages with attention to their sources, purposes, and effects.

媒介素养；能够接触、解读、评估和创作媒体信息，并关注其来源、目的和影响的能力

False or misleading information, which may be shared by people who do not realize it is inaccurate.

错误信息；虚假或误导性的信息，传播者可能并不知道其不准确

An incorrect interpretation of what someone means or of what a situation involves.

误解；对他人的意思或某种情况作出的不正确理解

The reporting that news organizations provide about an event, issue, or subject.

新闻报道；新闻机构对某一事件、议题或主题所作的报道

Considered sufficiently interesting or important to be reported as news.

有新闻价值的；被认为重要或有趣到值得作为新闻报道的

A feeling of affection and longing for an earlier time or experience.

怀旧之情；对过去某个时期或经历的眷恋与向往

Text, images, audio, video, and other material made available through the internet.

在线内容；通过互联网提供的文字、图像、音频、视频等材料

Able to make people more likely to accept an idea or take an action.

有说服力的；能够使人更可能接受某种想法或采取行动的

An audio or video program released online, often as a series of episodes that listeners or viewers can access.

播客；在线发布、通常分集提供的音频或视频节目

Entertainment, styles, and other cultural practices that are widely shared or enjoyed in everyday life.

大众文化；在日常生活中被广泛分享或喜爱的娱乐、风格及其他文化实践

To make an idea, practice, or product widely known or used.

普及；使某个观念、做法或产品广为人知或被广泛采用

Journalists and news organizations considered collectively, especially in their role of reporting public events.

新闻界；作为公共事件报道者的记者和新闻机构的统称

An organized event at which a person or organization makes an announcement and answers questions from journalists.

新闻发布会；个人或机构发布信息并回答记者提问的有组织活动

A prepared statement that an organization gives to news organizations to announce information it wants reported.

新闻稿；机构向新闻媒体提供、希望得到报道的信息声明

The promotional practice of arranging for branded products to appear within entertainment content.

植入式广告；安排品牌产品出现在娱乐内容中进行推广的做法

Messages presented systematically to promote a cause or viewpoint, often through selective information and emotional appeals.

宣传；为推动某种事业或立场而系统传播的信息，常使用选择性信息和情感诉求，通常含贬义

The views held by members of the public about an issue or situation, considered collectively.

公众意见；社会公众对某个议题或情况持有的看法的总体

The work of managing how an organization communicates and maintains relationships with the people and groups connected to it.

公共关系；管理机构对外沟通及其与相关公众和群体关系的工作

A public message intended to inform people about an issue or action that benefits the community.

公益公告；旨在就有益于社区的议题或行动向公众提供信息的消息

An announcement or explanation made openly available for the public to read or hear.

公开声明；向公众公开提供、供其阅读或收听的公告或说明

Public attention given to a person, organization, or event, or information intended to attract that attention.

公众关注；宣传；引起公众对个人、机构或活动注意的信息或报道

A medium that delivers audio programs to listeners, traditionally through transmitted radio signals.

广播；向听众传送音频节目的媒介，传统上通过无线电信号传播

To increase people's knowledge or recognition of an issue or situation.

提高认识；使人们更加了解或关注某个问题或情况

A source that provides information with sufficient accuracy, relevant knowledge, and support to be trusted for a particular purpose.

可靠来源；就特定目的而言，提供的信息足够准确、有相关知识及依据，因而值得信赖的来源

A new version of an existing film or program made by producing it again with changes.

翻拍作品；在已有电影或节目基础上重新制作并有所改动的新版本

A journalist who gathers information about events and prepares news reports for publication or broadcast.

记者；采集事件信息并为出版或播出制作新闻报道的人

Information that spreads between people without being confirmed as true.

传闻；在人们之间流传但尚未证实为真的信息

The use of humor, irony, or exaggeration to criticize people, institutions, or social practices.

讽刺；运用幽默、反语或夸张批评人物、机构或社会做法的表达方式