คำศัพท์ TOEFL

grind grain into smaller particles

碾磨；将谷物磨成粉

protective material covering soil

覆盖物；铺在土壤表面的保护材料

useful material or feature supplied by nature

自然资源

farming under standards restricting inputs and emphasizing ecological practices

有机农业；依照有机生产标准开展的农业

biological material in soil

有机质；土壤中来源于生物的物质

catch fish at an unsustainable rate

过度捕捞

heat food to reduce harmful microorganisms

对食品进行巴氏杀菌

grassland used for grazing animals

牧场；放牧草地

living for more than two years as a plant

多年生的

likely to spoil relatively quickly

易腐坏的；不耐储存的

monitoring and limiting damage from harmful organisms

有害生物管理；病虫草害管理

substance used to prevent or control pests

农药；用于预防或控制有害生物的物质

area of trees planted for production

人工种植林；以生产为目的的树木种植园

turn soil with a farming implement

犁地；翻耕

domestic birds kept for meat or eggs

家禽

farming using location specific data to adjust management

精准农业

prevent or delay food spoilage

保存食品；对食品进行保藏处理

remove selected plant branches

修剪枝条

depending on rainfall for crop water

雨养的；依赖降雨而非灌溉的

raise young farm animals until mature

饲养；养育幼畜

distribution of limited resources among uses

资源配置；资源分配

become ready to eat or harvest

成熟；使成熟

stored seed collection for conservation or future use

种子库

young plant grown from seed

幼苗；实生苗

harvesting chosen trees while leaving others

择伐；选择性采伐

time a product keeps acceptable quality under stated conditions

保质期；规定储存条件下的可用期限

fishing activity with relatively small operations

小规模渔业

surface material in which plants grow

土壤

soil capacity to supply plant nutrients

土壤肥力