مفردات TOEFL

to state clearly what a word means or what something includes

给……下定义；界定

A statement explaining what a word or concept means.

定义；说明某个词或概念含义的陈述

to give a planned speech, lecture, or presentation to an audience

发表；作演讲或报告

to show clearly that something is true or how something works

证明；展示；说明

to be determined by something else or to need it in order to happen or function

取决于；依赖于

needing or being determined by another person, thing, or condition

依赖的；取决于其他条件的

to say or write what someone or something is like

描述；描写

explaining what something is like rather than why it occurs

描述性的；说明事物是什么样的

to plan the form, arrangement, or procedure of something before making or carrying it out

设计；规划具体形式或实施步骤

worth having or achieving because of expected benefits

值得争取的；因预期好处而令人希望的

without being prevented or changed by the fact or situation mentioned

尽管

to remove something from another thing to which it is attached

拆下；分离；使脱离所连接的部分

A small individual fact or feature of a larger whole.

细节；整体中的一项具体事实或特点

providing many specific facts or small points of information

详细的；包含许多具体信息的

to discover the presence of something that is not immediately obvious

发现；检测出；察觉

to become worse in condition, quality, or effectiveness

恶化；变差；退化

to find out something through investigation, reasoning, or calculation

查明；确定

causing harm or making a situation worse

有害的；不利的

to gradually form, grow, or become more fully established, or cause something to do so

发展；形成；逐步完善

the gradual formation or change of something as it becomes more fully established

发展；形成；逐步完善

to be unlike another person or thing in a relevant respect

不同；有区别

A way in which things are unlike one another.

差异；不同之处；事物之间不相同的方面

A difficult choice between alternatives with drawbacks.

两难困境；在各有不利之处的方案之间难以选择

a particular aspect of a situation or subject that has several different sides

维度；方面；层面

to become smaller, weaker, or less important, or make something so

减少；减弱；降低

having a connection without an intervening person, thing, or step

直接的；不经过中间环节或他人介入的

A feature or condition that makes something less favorable.

不利条件；缺点；使某个选择较不理想的特点

To hold a different opinion from another person or reject a particular view.

不同意；与他人持不同观点，或不赞同某个看法

to talk or write about a subject while considering its relevant details or different aspects

讨论；论述