مفردات TOEFL

the part that someone or something plays in a process, situation, or activity

作用；角色

approximately, without claiming an exact number or amount

大致；大约

approximately the same in amount, size, or value as the reference

大致等于；与……大致相当

to encounter a difficulty or problem that interferes with what one is doing

遇到（困难或问题）

to use or lose the available supply of something until none remains

用完；耗尽；没有剩余

to reduce the size or scope of an activity or operation

缩小规模；减少实施范围

to increase the size or scope of an activity or operation

扩大规模；增加实施范围

not available in sufficient amounts or not easy to obtain

稀缺的；不足的；难以获得的

the range of subjects, activities, or questions that something covers or is intended to cover

范围；涉及面

less important or central than the primary thing in the context

次要的；相对于主要事项居于第二位的

to choose someone or something from a number of possibilities

选择；挑选

to divide things or keep them apart so that they are not mixed together

分开；区分开；使彼此独立

not joined or combined with another thing

分开的；未合并或连在一起的

to perform a particular purpose or function

起作用；发挥某种功能；充当

to reserve an amount of time, money, or material for a particular purpose

留出；拨出；预留

to establish or arrange something so that it is ready for use or can begin operating

设立；建立；安排妥当

sudden and marked when describing a change in level or amount

急剧的；明显的

to move from one position, state, or emphasis to another, or cause such a move

转移；转变；使转向

to arrive at a place or event where someone may expect you

到场；出现

to become smaller in size or extent, or cause something to become smaller

缩小；收缩；使缩小

Importance or broader meaning, not a statistical test result.

重要性；意义；某事在较大背景中的价值或含义

important or large enough to deserve attention

显著的；重要的

alike in some respects without necessarily being identical

相似的；在某些方面相像的

A feature or degree of likeness.

相似性；相似之处；事物之间相像的方面或程度

in a way that is like the situation or action just described

同样地；类似地

easy to understand or do, or having few parts

简单易懂的；不难做的

The quality of involving few parts or little complication.

简单性；简洁性；组成部分较少或不繁复的特点

to make something less complicated or easier to understand

简化；使更容易理解

treating a complicated issue as much simpler than it really is

过分简单化的；忽略重要因素的