مفردات TOEFL

decay or cause organic material to break down

分解；腐烂

organism obtaining nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter

分解者

intended mainly to make something more attractive

装饰性的；主要用于美化外观的

to become less in amount, number, or degree, or make something less

减少；降低；使减少

To convert encrypted information back into its readable form using the appropriate cryptographic method and key.

解密；利用适当的密码算法和密钥把加密信息恢复为可读形式

to reach a conclusion by reasoning from information or facts already available

推断；推导出

person or organization facing a legal case

被告

To arrange for an accepted place or planned course of study to begin later.

推迟入学；延期开始学习

insufficient amount of a required nutrient

（营养素）缺乏；不足

to state clearly what a word means or what something includes

给……下定义；界定

A statement explaining what a word or concept means.

定义；说明某个词或概念含义的陈述

A sustained decrease in the general level of prices across an economy.

通货紧缩；经济体总体价格水平持续下降

loss of forest cover as land is converted to other uses

毁林；森林砍伐与消失

An academic qualification awarded by a university after a prescribed program of study.

学位

A review or report comparing completed coursework with the requirements of a degree.

学位要求审核；毕业进度核查报告

An organized course of study that leads to a university degree.

学位课程项目；学位培养项目

A course, credit total, or other condition that must be completed to earn a degree.

学位要求；取得学位必须满足的条件

body water loss exceeding replacement

脱水

Choosing to wait for a later benefit rather than taking an available immediate reward.

延迟满足；放弃眼前可得的奖励，等待较后的好处

to give a planned speech, lecture, or presentation to an audience

发表；作演讲或报告

deposited landform at a river mouth

三角洲

The relationship between prices and the quantities of a good or service that buyers are willing and able to purchase during a given period.

需求；一定时期内不同价格与买方愿意且能够购买的数量之间的关系

political system in which the people exercise governing authority

民主；民主政体

Relating to the size, composition, distribution, or change of a human population.

人口统计的；人口特征与变化的

A long-term shift in a population from generally high birth and death rates to generally low ones.

人口转变；人口从高出生率和高死亡率向低水平转变的长期过程

The study of human populations, including their size, composition, distribution, and changes through births, deaths, and migration.

人口学

To refer directly to or designate something through a word, expression, or symbol.

表示；指称；用词语、表达或符号直接指向某事物

having many things closely packed together or a large amount within a space

密集的；稠密的

having many residents relative to land area

人口稠密的