مفردات TOEFL

line about which a body rotates

轴；自转轴

shaft supporting a rotating wheel or part

轴；车轴

To produce repeated speech-like sounds, especially before a young child uses recognizable words.

咿呀学语；尤其指幼儿在说出可辨认的词语之前反复发出近似言语的声音

To make a copy of digital information so it can be recovered if the original becomes unavailable.

备份；复制数字信息以便原件无法使用时恢复

part of a picture appearing behind the main subject

背景；主体后方的画面区域

A copy of data kept so that the information can be recovered if the original is lost or damaged.

备份；为原始数据丢失或损坏时恢复信息而保存的副本

The ability of a newer system or product to work with files, software, or equipment designed for an earlier version.

向后兼容性；较新系统或产品能够使用为早期版本设计的文件、软件或设备的能力

one organism belonging to the bacteria

细菌（单数）

An appropriate relationship or mixture between competing needs or qualities.

平衡；适当搭配；不同需要或特点之间合适的关系

eating pattern meeting nutritional needs with variety

均衡饮食

paper or electronic form used to record a vote

选票

The data-carrying capacity of a connection, usually expressed as an amount of data per unit of time.

带宽；连接在单位时间内可承载的数据量

Something bought or offered at a price that is low compared with its value or usual price.

便宜货；价格相对于价值或通常售价较低的商品

A difficulty that impedes or prevents access, communication, or progress.

障碍；阻碍或妨碍进入、交流或进展的困难

A condition that makes it difficult or costly for a new business to begin competing in a market.

进入壁垒；使新企业难以或需付出高成本进入市场的条件

substance that can accept a proton

碱；质子受体

The underlying support or grounds for a judgment or activity.

基础；依据；判断或活动所依托的支撑

wide mouthed laboratory container

烧杯

elongated structural member carrying crosswise loads

梁

as a result of the person, event, or situation named afterward

因为；由于

before the event or activity being discussed

事先；预先

to be a member or part of a particular group, class, or category

属于某个群体、类别或整体

having a helpful or positive effect

有益的；有利的

A helpful result or advantage.

益处；好处；某项行动带来的有利结果

surround a defended place to force surrender

围攻；围困

systematic influence that distorts results

偏差；使样本、测量或结论失衡或不准确的系统性影响

Showing an unfair preference for a particular view, person, or group in judgment or presentation.

有偏见的；在判断或呈现内容时不公正地偏向某一观点、个人或群体的

list of sources used or consulted

参考文献目录；学术工作中使用或查阅的书籍、文章及其他资料的列表

Connected with, or participating in, two cultural traditions or ways of life.

双文化的；与两种文化传统或生活方式相联系的