مفردات TOEFL

disperse in solvent to form solution

溶解；使溶解

separate liquid components by vaporization and condensation

蒸馏

separation using differences in volatility

蒸馏；蒸馏法

resistant to damage or wear over time

耐用的；经久的

able to recover shape after force is removed

有弹性的；弹性的

negatively charged particle in atomic structure

电子

chemical type defined by number of protons

元素；单质

absorbing heat from the surroundings

吸热的

releasing heat to the surroundings

放热的

separate particles using a porous barrier

过滤

separation by passing fluid through barrier

过滤；过滤法

capable of igniting and burning readily

易燃的

laboratory vessel with body and narrow neck

烧瓶

able to bend without breaking easily

柔韧的；易弯曲的

ventilated enclosure limiting exposure to airborne hazards

通风橱

state expanding to fill available container

气体

narrow marked vessel for measuring liquid volume

量筒

resistance to scratching or indentation

硬度

energy movement driven by temperature difference

传热；热量传递

not dissolving to an appreciable extent

不溶的；难溶的

atom or group with net electrical charge

离子

electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

离子键

protective outer garment for laboratory work

实验服；实验室工作服

flowing state with definite volume

液体

physical material with mass and volume

物质

equilibrium temperature for solid liquid transition

熔点

curved liquid surface near container wall

弯月面；液面弯曲部分

material or element with metallic properties

金属

combination of substances without fixed chemical ratio

混合物