مفردات TOEFL

A practice examination designed to resemble a real examination in its format and conditions.

模拟考试；在形式和条件上仿照正式考试的练习考试

A question answered by choosing from a set of options that are provided.

选择题；从给定选项中选择答案的题目

Allowing students to consult specified reference materials during an assessment.

开卷的；允许查阅指定资料的

Using spoken responses rather than written answers.

口头进行的；口试的

A prepared talk in which a speaker explains a topic to an audience.

口头报告；面向听众进行的准备好的讲解

A brief plan showing the main points and organization of a piece of work.

写作提纲；结构纲要

To express the meaning of a text or statement using different words.

改述；用自己的话表达

Some of the available points awarded for work that is partly correct or shows a valid method.

部分分数；因部分正确或解题方法合理而获得的分数

To take an active part in an activity or discussion.

参与；参加活动

Active involvement in a discussion or other learning activity.

课堂参与；参与活动

A person with a similar position or level of experience, such as another student.

同伴；处于相似学习阶段的人

Comments or suggestions that learners give one another about their work.

同伴反馈；学习者之间对彼此作品提出的意见或建议

A selected collection of a student's work used to show skills, achievement, or development over time.

学习档案；展示技能、成果或进步的作品集

To repeat an activity in order to improve a skill.

练习；训练技能

A test used to prepare for an examination and identify areas that need more work.

练习测试；备考测试

A person responsible for supervising an examination and enforcing its rules.

监考人员

The level of skill a person has in performing an activity or using a language.

熟练程度；能力水平

To check a text for errors in spelling, punctuation, grammar, or formatting.

校对；检查文字错误

A short test used to check knowledge or understanding.

小测验；课堂测验

To practice a planned performance or presentation before giving it to an audience.

排练；预演展示

To submit work again, often after revising it or correcting a problem.

重新提交作业

To take an examination or assessment again.

重考；再次参加测评

A study method that involves recalling information from memory to strengthen learning.

提取练习；通过主动回忆巩固学习的方法

To change written work in order to improve its ideas, structure, or expression.

修改；修订写作

The process of changing a piece of work to improve its content or organization.

修改；修订

Learning mainly through repetition, often with little attention to understanding the material.

机械记忆式学习；死记硬背

A scoring guide describing the criteria and performance levels used to assess work.

评分量规；分级评分标准

The number of points a learner receives on an assessment.

分数；测评分值

Allowing learners to control how quickly they move through the material.

可自主安排学习进度的