مفردات TOEFL

Additional points that students may earn through optional work beyond the regular course requirements.

额外加分；完成规定任务以外的可选学习活动所获得的分数

To make less progress than expected and no longer keep up with required work.

落后于进度；未能跟上学习或任务安排

Information about a learner's work or performance that can guide improvement.

反馈意见；改进建议

An examination held at the end of a course or term.

期末考试

Used during learning to identify progress and guide further improvement.

形成性的；用于促进学习过程的

A letter, number, or other rating that represents assessed performance.

成绩；评定等级

A numerical average of the values assigned to course grades, often weighted by course credits.

平均绩点；课程成绩换算后的数值平均，通常按学分加权

The process of evaluating student work and assigning scores or performance levels.

评分；成绩评定

A system that shows how scores or levels of performance correspond to grades.

评分等级表；分数或表现与等级的对应体系

An assignment that several students plan and complete together.

小组项目；由多名学生共同完成的作业

A lecture delivered by an invited speaker who is not the course's regular instructor.

特邀讲座；客座讲座

To give completed work to a teacher or other person responsible for collecting it.

交上；向教师等提交已完成的作业

A document given to learners to support a lesson or presentation.

课堂讲义；分发材料

Work a teacher assigns students to complete outside class.

课外作业；家庭作业

To teach someone how to perform an activity or use a method.

教授；指导某人学习技能

Involving active responses or exchanges rather than only receiving information.

互动的；交互式的

To supervise an examination and ensure that candidates follow its rules.

监考

A reduction in a score or grade because work is submitted after its deadline.

迟交扣分；因超过截止时间提交作业而受到的分数扣减

A stated goal describing what a lesson or course aims to help students learn.

学习目标；教学希望达到的目标

Knowledge or a skill that a learner is expected to be able to demonstrate after a learning activity.

学习成果；学习后预期能够展示的知识或技能

A talk in which an instructor explains a subject to a class.

讲座课；授课讲解

Written records of the main points presented in a lecture.

听课笔记；讲座笔记

A person who teaches university students, especially by giving lectures.

大学授课教师；讲师

A teacher's plan for a session's goals, activities, materials, and timing.

教案；课堂教学计划

An examination arranged to replace a scheduled sitting that a student missed.

补考；为缺考安排的替代考试

Thorough knowledge of a subject or confident control of a skill.

熟练掌握；精通

The process of learning material so that it can be recalled later.

记忆；熟记材料的过程

To learn something so that it can be recalled without looking at the source.

记住；熟记

An examination held around the middle of an academic term.

期中考试