مفردات TOEFL

An officially approved period away from study, with arrangements for a possible return.

获批准的暂时休学

The main subject a student studies as part of a university degree.

主修专业

To formally enter a university or college as an enrolled student.

正式注册入学

To satisfy the stated conditions needed for an academic program or qualification.

满足要求；达到学业规定条件

A secondary subject studied through a smaller set of courses than a major.

辅修专业

Not providing credits that count toward an academic qualification.

不计学分的

Making the progress needed to graduate at the planned time.

按计划朝毕业目标推进；预计能按时毕业

To occur partly during the same time as another scheduled activity.

时间部分重叠

Having more students seeking places than the number of places available.

报名人数超出名额的；供不应求的

Studying with a smaller course load than the institution's full-time requirement.

非全日制的；部分时间修读的

A choice to receive a pass or fail result for a course instead of a more detailed grade.

及格／不及格评分选项

The assignment of a student to a course level that matches demonstrated knowledge or ability.

课程分级安排；按能力分班

An assessment used to decide which course level best matches a student's current knowledge or skills.

分级测试；分班考试

A student taking further university study after completing a first degree.

研究生

A course or other requirement that must be completed before another course can be taken.

先修课程；先决条件

To meet the conditions needed to enter a course or study program.

达到入学或选课条件

A teaching period in an academic calendar organized into four parts, often including an optional summer period.

四学期制中的一个学期

To enter one's details officially in order to take a course.

正式登记选课

The official process of choosing courses and recording a student's participation.

选课登记；注册手续

An administrative restriction that prevents a student from registering until a stated issue is resolved.

选课限制；待处理事项导致的注册锁定

Intended to strengthen skills that a learner needs before progressing to a higher course level.

补习基础的；补足学习差距的

To arrange for a class or academic meeting to take place at a different time.

重新安排时间；改期

One separately scheduled group of students taking the same course.

同一课程的教学班；班次

One of the two main periods into which an academic year is divided.

学期；半学年

A student normally in the final year of a four-year college or university program in the United States.

大四学生；本科毕业年级学生

To put one's name down to join a course or scheduled academic activity.

报名参加；报名选课

A student in the second year of a four-year college or university program in the United States.

大二学生；大学二年级学生

A particular area on which study or training focuses within a broader subject.

专门方向；专业细分领域

To focus one's studies on a particular area within a broader subject.

专攻；选择专门研究方向