托福詞彙

using forms and colors without directly depicting recognizable objects

抽象的；不直接描繪現實中可辨識物體的

alteration of an existing building for a new use

適應性再利用；保留既有建築相當部分，並改造為新用途的做法

relating to beauty or the appreciation of art and appearance

美學的；與美、藝術體驗或外觀欣賞有關的

person who designs buildings

建築師；設計建築與規劃空間的人

art and practice of designing buildings

建築學；建築設計的藝術與實務

care and treatment that safeguard artworks and their significance

藝術品保存維護；為保存藝術品的材料與意義而進行的研究、照護和處理

grouping of artists or works linked by shared aims or approaches

藝術運動；在特定歷史背景下，由共同理念、目標或方法連結起來的藝術家群體或作品

object or image created as art

藝術作品

having parts that do not correspond across a line or center

不對稱的；對應部分在形狀、大小或位置上不同的

short trial performance used to select a performer

試演；為爭取角色或加入表演團體而進行的簡短表演

genuinely from the creator period or origin claimed

真實的；真品的；確實出自所聲稱的創作者、時期或來源的

experimental and challenging established artistic conventions

前衛的；以實驗方式挑戰既有藝術觀念或實踐的

part of a picture appearing behind the main subject

背景；畫面中主要對象後方的區域

mark left by a single movement of a paintbrush

筆觸；畫筆一次移動留下的痕跡

sculpture of a person's head, shoulders, and upper chest

半身雕像；呈現人物頭部、肩部，通常也包含上胸部的雕像

strong woven cloth used as a surface for painting

畫布；用於繪畫、通常繃在框架上的堅韌織布

shape a hard material by cutting away parts

雕刻；切除部分材料，以形成物體或圖案

form a sculpture by filling a mold with material that hardens

鑄造；將液態材料注入模具，待其硬化成形

create and arrange the movements of a dance

編舞；創作並編排舞者表演的動作

creation or arrangement of movements for dance

編舞；舞蹈動作的創作、編排，或編排而成的動作序列

group of objects gathered and maintained by a museum or collector

藏品；收藏系列；博物館或收藏者蒐集並保存的一組物件

visible difference between colors placed near each other

色彩對比；色彩之間，尤其是相鄰色彩之間可見的差異

planned combination of colors used in a design

配色方案；設計中有計畫採用的色彩組合

formally request and usually pay for an artwork to be created

委託創作；通常付費請藝術家或設計師製作特定作品

create a piece of music

作曲；透過組織聲音創作音樂作品

arrangement of visual elements in an artwork

構圖；藝術作品中視覺元素的安排

document recording an object's physical state at a particular time

狀況報告；記錄物件在特定時間的實體狀態、損傷或變化的文件

professional who studies and cares for cultural objects to limit damage

文物或藝術品修復師；檢查、維護並適當處理文化物件的專業人員

open area enclosed or partly enclosed by buildings or walls

庭院；由建築或牆壁圍住，或部分圍住的戶外空間