托福詞彙

using few simple elements and little decoration

極簡的；採用少量簡單元素、裝飾不多的

artistic tendencies that experimented with form and questioned inherited conventions

現代主義；尤指十九世紀末至二十世紀，嘗試新形式並質疑既有慣例的一系列藝術取向

large picture created on a wall or ceiling

壁畫；在牆面或天花板上繪製、製作的大型圖畫

institution that cares for and presents objects for learning and enjoyment

博物館；收藏、維護、研究並展示具有藝術、歷史、科學等價值物件的機構

written notation showing the parts of a musical work

樂譜；記錄音樂作品的書面記譜，常同時呈現不同演奏者的聲部

space around and between the main forms in an image or design

負空間；圖像或設計中主體周圍及彼此之間的空間

picture or practice using paint with a drying oil binder

油畫；以乾性油作為黏結劑的顏料所繪製的作品，或相應技法

placed where people can look at it

展出中；陳列著

temporarily borrowed or lent without transfer of ownership

借展中；借用中；所有權不變的暫時出借或借入狀態

having a large interior with few internal dividing walls

開放式格局的；內部隔牆少、不同用途的空間彼此相連的

decoration added to a building or art object

裝飾；主要用來豐富建築或物件外觀的細部

having many elaborate decorative details

裝飾繁複的；裝飾華麗的

create a picture using colored paint

畫；用顏料在表面上創作圖畫

range of colors used in an artwork

用色；藝術家為作品選用的一組色彩

present music drama dance or another act to an audience

表演；為觀眾演奏、演戲、跳舞等

occasion on which artistic work is presented to an audience

演出；向觀眾呈現音樂、戲劇、舞蹈等藝術的活動

representation of depth and spatial relationships on a flat surface

透視法；在平面上表現深度與空間關係的方法

colored particles used to give paint or other material its color

顏料色粉；使顏料或其他材料呈色的有色顆粒

artistic representation of a person

肖像；以繪畫、攝影或其他藝術形式呈現的人物形象

indirect measures that reduce future damage to cultural objects

預防性保存維護；以適當存放、搬運等間接措施，減少文物日後受損的風險，而不直接改變物件

history of an artwork's origin, ownership, and movement

來源與流傳歷程；藝術品的起源、歷任所有者及流轉歷史

art created for or presented in places accessible to the public

公共藝術；為公眾可進入的空間創作，或在其中展示的藝術

artistic approach that depicts people and things without idealization

寫實主義；不加理想化，以逼真方式呈現人物、物件或事件的藝術取向

sculpture with forms projecting from a background surface

浮雕；形象從背景表面凸起，仍與背景相連的雕塑

copy made to resemble an original object

複製品；為展示、研究或替代等用途，仿照原件製成的物品

depicting recognizable people objects or scenes

具象的；描繪可辨識人物、物件或場景的

treat a damaged artwork to recover its readability or appreciation

修復；處理受損或改變的藝術品，使其外觀、意義或用途更容易理解與欣賞

make small local adjustments to an image's surface or appearance

局部修飾；修補；例如以補色改善圖像局部的外觀

make a three dimensional artwork by shaping material

雕塑；用黏土、石頭等材料塑造立體作品