托福詞彙

choose a representative or officeholder by voting

選舉；選出

people entitled to vote in a particular election

全體選民；選民群體

organizations responding to urgent threats to safety or health

緊急救援服務；緊急救援單位

formally make a proposal into law

制定；通過頒布（法律）

make people follow a law or official rule

執行；強制實施

legal right to receive a specified benefit or service

依法享有的福利或服務權利

principle of equal treatment by the law

平等保護

part of government that carries out laws and policies

行政部門；政府的行政分支

make practical use of a legally recognized freedom or entitlement

行使權利

relating to a union with central and regional governments

聯邦的

right to express ideas without unjustified interference

言論自由

organized by ordinary community members rather than central leaders

基層的；由民間發起的

occupy a formal position of governmental authority

擔任公職

currently holding a particular elected or official position

現任的；在職的

official examination to assess conditions or compliance

檢查；檢驗

relating to courts judges or legal decisions

司法的；法院的

court examination of the lawfulness of public action

司法審查

courts and judges considered as an institution

司法機關；司法體系

legal authority over a case area or subject

管轄權

allowed by the applicable law

合法的

civil legal action brought before a court

民事訴訟

creating obligations enforceable under law

具有法律約束力的

make laws through legislative action

立法

relating to making laws or a lawmaking body

立法的；立法機關的

institution with authority to make laws

立法機關

seek to influence officials on a public decision

遊說；向決策者爭取支持

decision supported by more than half of the relevant votes

多數表決；過半數贊成票

required by an official rule or authority

強制的；規定必須遵守的

dependent on an assessment of financial resources

須經經濟狀況審查的；依收入或資產條件提供的