托福詞彙

To create a device, method, or technology that did not previously exist.

發明；創造原本不存在的裝置、方法或技術

A newly created device or method, or the act of creating something of this kind for the first time.

發明；新創造的裝置或方法，也指首次創造它的行為

A computational model that estimates probabilities of language sequences and can be used to generate text.

語言模型；估計語言序列機率、可用來產生文字的計算模型

The delay involved in sending data or receiving a response across a connection.

延遲；傳送資料或接收回應所需的等待時間

Computational methods that build or adjust models by finding patterns in data, rather than specifying every individual decision in advance.

機器學習；透過資料中的模式建立或調整模型的計算方法

A computer resource that holds data and instructions available for immediate processing.

記憶體；供電腦即時處理資料與指令的儲存資源

Information that describes other data, such as when a file was created or how measurements were collected.

詮釋資料；描述其他資料的內容、來源或組織方式的資訊

A group of connected computing devices that can exchange data or share resources.

電腦網路；能交換資料或共用資源的一組互連裝置

A computational model of connected units whose adjustable weights help transform inputs into outputs.

類神經網路；以相連的計算單元及可調整權重處理資訊的模型

The process or condition of becoming outdated and displaced by newer alternatives.

過時；被較新的替代品取代，逐漸不再適用或普遍使用的過程或狀態

No longer generally used or considered suitable because newer alternatives have replaced it.

過時的；因被較新的替代品取代，而不再普遍使用或被認為合適的

Describing software whose source code is available under a license allowing people to use, modify, and redistribute it.

開放原始碼的；原始碼可取得，且授權條款允許使用、修改與再散布的軟體

The main software that manages a computer's resources and provides services needed by other programs.

作業系統；管理電腦資源並為其他程式提供服務的基礎軟體

Information or results produced by a computer system or program.

輸出；電腦系統或程式產生的資訊或結果

A unit of data sent across a computer network, with information used to handle or deliver it.

封包；透過電腦網路傳送、附有處理或遞送所需資訊的資料單位

A legal right granted for an invention that allows its owner to prevent specified uses by others for a limited period.

專利；針對發明授予的法律權利，讓權利人在一定期間內阻止他人進行特定使用

Information that relates to a person who is identified or can be identified from it, alone or with other information.

個人資料；與已識別或可識別的個人有關的資訊

The condition of keeping personal life or information from unwanted observation, use, or disclosure.

隱私；個人生活或資訊不受到不願接受的觀察、使用或揭露的狀態

A computer component that executes instructions and performs operations on data.

處理器；執行指令並處理資料的電腦元件

To write or set instructions that tell a computer or programmable device how to perform a task.

撰寫程式；為電腦或可程式化裝置編寫或設定指令

Able to have its operations set or changed through written or stored instructions.

可程式化的；可透過指令設定或改變運作方式的

A set of rules that defines how computing systems exchange and interpret messages.

通訊協定；規定運算系統如何交換及解讀訊息的一套規則

An early model or version of a product used to test ideas and improve the design before a final version.

原型；在最終版本之前製作的初步模型或版本，用來測試構想並改進設計

To restart a computer or its operating system.

重新啟動；重開電腦或作業系統

To recover saved digital information or return a computer system to a previous state.

還原；復原已儲存的數位資訊，或讓電腦系統回到先前狀態

A machine that performs physical tasks under programmed control and may use sensors to respond to its surroundings.

機器人；依程式執行實體工作、可用感測器回應環境的機器

The field concerned with designing, building, and operating robots.

機器人學；研究機器人設計、製造與運作的領域

A device that forwards data between networks by choosing where packets should go next.

路由器；決定封包下一個去向，並在網路之間轉送資料的裝置

A device that detects a physical condition or change and produces a signal or reading.

感測器；偵測物理狀態或變化並產生訊號或讀數的裝置