托福詞彙

declining ocean pH as seawater takes up carbon dioxide

海洋酸化

large-scale flow of seawater in a particular direction

洋流

use a resource faster than it can recover or remain available

過度開發；過度利用

ground staying at or below freezing for at least two consecutive years

永久凍土；多年凍土

allowing fluid to move through connected spaces

可滲透的；透水的

zone where tectonic plates meet

板塊邊界

substance that contaminates air, water, or land

污染物

harmful substances or energy introduced into the environment

污染

water falling to the surface as rain, snow, or other forms

降水

wind direction occurring most often in a location

盛行風

geographical area set aside to protect natural features

保護區

add water to an aquifer or saturated groundwater system

補注（地下水或含水層）

process used materials so they can be used again

回收再利用；再生利用

restoring forest cover where forest existed before

重新造林；森林復育

able to be replenished naturally within a useful timescale

可再生的

return damaged wetlands toward a functioning natural condition

復育濕地

have a glacier's front shift backward as ice loss exceeds advance

（冰河前緣）退縮

use an item again for the same or a new purpose

重複使用；再次利用

water moving over the surface toward streams or other outlets

地表逕流

amount of dissolved salts in water

鹽度

height of the sea surface used to describe coastal water levels or elevation

海平面

loose material transported or deposited by water, wind, or ice

沉積物

rock formed by sediment accumulation or mineral deposition

沉積岩

remove carbon from circulation and hold it in storage

封存；固存（碳）

wastewater carrying human waste from buildings

生活污水；污水

haze formed by pollutants in the air

煙霧；污染煙霧

abnormal coastal water rise caused by a storm

暴潮；風暴潮增水

able to continue without undermining the natural resources it depends on

永續的

large moving section of Earth's rigid outer layer

構造板塊