托福詞彙

animal such as a snake, lizard, turtle, or crocodile

爬蟲類動物

able to withstand a disease, chemical, or other harmful influence

有抵抗力的；耐……的

all of a plant's roots considered together

根系

spread of seeds away from the parent plant

種子傳播；種子散布

environmental factor favoring some inherited traits

選擇壓力

production of offspring through the joining of reproductive cells

有性生殖

interbreeding group under the biological species concept

物種

stay alive through difficult conditions

存活；倖存

close and persistent association between different species

共生（不同物種間密切且持續的關係）

defending an area against other animals

有領域性的；護衛領地的

grow or develop very well

茁壯生長；繁盛

cells organized to perform a biological function

（生物的）組織

withstand an unfavorable condition without serious harm

耐受；能承受（不利環境）

animal belonging to the group with backbones

脊椎動物