Лексика TOEFL

cloud of gas and dust in space

星云

joining light atomic nuclei into heavier nuclei

核聚变

move along a gravitationally bound path

绕轨道运行；环绕运行

move repeatedly about an equilibrium position

振荡；往复摆动

moving component fitting inside a cylinder

活塞

major nearly round body orbiting a star

行星

energy associated with position or configuration

势能

rate of energy transfer or work

功率

grooved wheel guiding a rope or belt

滑轮；带轮

send incident light back from a surface

反射

change light direction through change of optical medium

折射；使发生折射

strengthen a structure with added support or material

加固；增强结构强度

exert a force pushing an object away

排斥；产生斥力

enhanced response to driving near a natural frequency

共振

turn about an axis

旋转；使旋转

turning motion about an axis

旋转；自转

ratio of capacity to expected demand in design

安全系数

natural or artificial object orbiting a larger body

卫星

moon blocks part or all of sun from observers view

日食

sun and objects gravitationally associated with it

太阳系

mechanical disturbance traveling through a medium

声；声音

vehicle designed to travel or operate in space

航天器

self gravitating luminous body sustained by fusion during active life

恒星

force or action that a structure must support

结构荷载；结构载荷

powerful stellar explosion

超新星；超新星爆发

instrument collecting radiation from distant objects

望远镜

pulling force transmitted through a stretched member

张力；拉力

planet with a rocky solid surface

类地行星；岩质行星

turning effect of a force about an axis

力矩；转矩