PTE

an area managed under special measures to protect its natural features, wildlife, or ecological value

to remove selected branches or stems from a plant to manage its growth, shape, or condition

to care for young animals as they grow, especially for agricultural use

a collection of seeds stored to conserve plant diversity or provide material for future growing and research

the length of time a food or other product remains suitable for use under stated storage conditions

polluted air containing gases and particles that can form a visible haze near the ground

to put seeds into the soil so that plants will grow

a device that sprays water over an area of land to water plants

a crop that supplies a large and regular part of the food eaten by a population

to become unfrozen as temperature rises, or to cause frozen material to become unfrozen

wood considered as a resource for building and other practical uses, including trees grown for that purpose

the upper layer of soil, which often contains more organic matter than the layers beneath it

a place where young trees are grown before being planted in another location

water that has been used and contains substances that may require removal before it is reused or released

the amount of a crop produced, often expressed for a particular area of land

the vertical height of a place or object above a reference level, especially sea level

very fine mineral material in soil that tends to become sticky when wet

located on or near a coast, or connected with the area where land meets the sea

Earth's central region, composed mainly of iron and nickel and divided into a liquid outer part and a solid inner part

the outermost solid rock layer of Earth, lying above the mantle

the height of a place or surface above or below a reference level, usually mean sea level

the imaginary line around Earth at zero degrees latitude, halfway between the North and South Poles

to wear away and remove soil or rock, or to be worn away by natural forces

the removal and movement of soil or rock by water, wind, ice, or other natural forces

to release lava, gases, or ash from a volcano onto or above Earth's surface

a fracture or zone of fractures in rock along which the sides have moved relative to one another

the study of places, environments, and the ways people and physical features are distributed and connected across space

a persistent mass of land ice formed mainly from accumulated snow that moves under its own weight

water stored below the ground in saturated spaces within soil, sediment, and rock