TOEFL 어휘

mass per unit volume of material

밀도

to be determined by something else or to need it in order to happen or function

…에 달려 있다; 의존하다

An age-based ratio comparing people outside a defined working-age range with those within that range.

부양비; 정해진 생산가능연령 밖의 인구를 생산가능연령 인구와 비교한 비율

needing or being determined by another person, thing, or condition

의존하는; 다른 조건에 달린

outcome measured for change

종속 변수; 다른 변수의 변화에 따라 달라지는지 알아보려고 측정하는 결과

show or represent a subject in an image or artwork

묘사하다; 이미지 등의 예술 작품으로 표현하다

reduce the available quantity of a natural resource

고갈시키다; 크게 소모하다

mental health condition with persistent low mood or loss of interest

우울증; 우울 장애

The ability to perceive distance and the three-dimensional arrangement of objects.

깊이 지각; 거리와 물체의 삼차원적 배치를 지각하는 능력

have an organism or group as an ancestor

…에서 유래하다; …의 후손이다

to say or write what someone or something is like

묘사하다; 서술하다

spoken or written details about an item's appearance

설명; 묘사

explaining what something is like rather than why it occurs

기술적인; 무엇이 어떤 모습인지 서술하는

loss of land productivity in dry climates

사막화

planned arrangement of form and features for appearance or use

디자인; 외관과 용도를 고려해 사물이나 공간의 형태와 특징을 계획적으로 배치하는 것

to plan the form, arrangement, or procedure of something before making or carrying it out

설계하다; 형태나 실행 절차를 계획하다

requirement or limit restricting engineering options

설계 제약; 설계 제한 조건

worth having or achieving because of expected benefits

바람직한; 기대되는 이점 때문에 추구할 만한

without being prevented or changed by the fact or situation mentioned

~에도 불구하고

place toward which someone or something is traveling

목적지; 운송의 도착지

to remove something from another thing to which it is attached

떼어 내다; 연결된 것에서 분리하다

A small individual fact or feature of a larger whole.

세부 사항; 전체를 이루는 개별적인 사실이나 특징

to discover the presence of something that is not immediately obvious

발견하다; 검출하다; 감지하다

to become worse in condition, quality, or effectiveness

악화되다; 질이나 상태가 나빠지다

to find out something through investigation, reasoning, or calculation

알아내다; 확인하다

different route used when the usual way is closed

우회로

causing harm or making a situation worse

해로운; 불리한

to gradually form, grow, or become more fully established, or cause something to do so

발전하다; 형성하다; 점차 구체화하다

the gradual formation or change of something as it becomes more fully established

발전; 형성; 점진적인 구축