TOEFL 어휘

not above the stated number or amount, sometimes emphasizing how small it is

…을 넘지 않는; 많아야; 겨우

used to say that something is still true despite what has just been said

그럼에도 불구하고; 여전히

used to say that something is not always true or does not inevitably follow

반드시 ~인 것은 아닌; 꼭 ~하지는 않는

an idea or belief about something, sometimes one that is vague or open to question

생각; 관념; 견해

many in number

많은; 수많은

A reason for opposing something, or an expression of that opposition.

반대 의견; 어떤 것에 반대하는 이유 또는 그러한 반대의 표현

based on facts rather than personal feelings or preferences

객관적인; 개인적 선호가 아닌 사실에 근거한

A result that an activity is intended to achieve.

목표; 어떤 활동을 통해 이루려는 결과

Something one is required or expected to do.

의무; 해야 하거나 하도록 기대되는 일

Something that makes progress toward a goal difficult.

장애물; 목표 달성이나 진전을 어렵게 만드는 것

to get something, often through effort or a formal process

얻다; 취득하다

sometimes, but not often

가끔; 때때로

to happen or take place

발생하다; 일어나다

to make something available for someone to accept, use, or consider

제공하다; 받아들이거나 사용하거나 검토할 수 있도록 내놓다

when a typical numerical value is calculated across the cases being considered

평균적으로; 평균을 내면

after considering the main advantages, disadvantages, and other relevant points

종합적으로 따져 보면; 전반적으로 고려하면

as the representative of another person or group

…을 대표하여; …을 대신하여

used to say that the opposite of an earlier statement or suggestion is true

오히려 그 반대로; 정반대로

generally, after considering the situation's main features and allowing for exceptions

대체로; 전반적으로 보면

at the arranged time or by the required deadline, without being late

제시간에; 기한 내에

as soon as, or from the time when, a specified event has happened

일단 ~하면; ~한 뒤에는

individually and successively rather than all together

한 번에 하나씩; 차례로

continuing at the time being discussed and not yet finished

진행 중인; 계속되는

only when the stated necessary condition is satisfied

~일 때에만; ~라는 조건이 충족되어야만

A favorable chance to do something.

기회; 어떤 행동에 유리한 때나 조건

best for a particular purpose under the stated conditions

최적의; 주어진 목표와 조건에서 가장 알맞은

One available choice among possible actions.

선택지; 선택할 수 있는 행동이나 방법

to arrange information, objects, or activities into an orderly structure

정리하다; 체계적으로 배열하다

created through one's own ideas rather than copied from existing work

독창적인; 베끼지 않고 자신의 생각에서 나온