TOEFL 어휘

sharing of practices and ideas between communities

문화 교류

inherited traditions and objects valued by a community

문화유산

have existed since a particular past time

…에 시작되다; …까지 거슬러 올라가다

work out the meaning of difficult writing

판독하다; 해독하다

relating to a ruling family and its continuity

왕조의; 통치 가문의

succession of rulers from the same family

왕조

release from slavery or comparable legal restrictions

해방; 노예 상태나 법적 구속에서 벗어남

territories controlled by a central ruling power

제국

systematically dig to expose archaeological remains

발굴하다; 파내다

gradually lose strength or prosperity

점차 쇠퇴하다

strongly defended military building or place

요새

custom followed in caring for and burying the dead

장례 풍습

troops stationed to defend a particular place

주둔군; 수비대

objects placed with a dead person at burial

부장품

person expected or entitled to inherit a title or property

상속인; 계승자

passed within a family by inheritance

세습되는; 상속되는

person who researches and writes about the past

역사학자; 역사 연구자

description or explanation of past events

역사 서술; 역사 기록

conditions of a period that help explain an event

역사적 맥락; 역사적 배경

relating to an empire or its ruler

제국의; 황제의

major shift toward machine production and factories

산업 혁명

soldiers trained to fight on foot

보병

words cut or written on a lasting surface

명문; 새겨진 글

belonging to the period between two wars

두 전쟁 사이의; 두 세계 대전 사이의

regional period marked by widespread iron use

철기 시대

state ruled by a king or queen

왕국

aristocratic class whose status rests on landholding

토지 귀족

free people or a place from oppressive control

해방하다; 억압이나 점령에서 벗어나게 하다

physical objects and spaces associated with a society

물질문화