TOEFL 어휘

formally give up a throne

퇴위하다

formally end a law practice or institution

폐지하다; 없애다

formally take a territory into another state

병합하다; 합병하여 영토로 편입하다

the ancient past especially classical civilizations

고대; 고전 고대

distinct deposit preserving traces of past activity

고고학적 퇴적층; 유적의 지층

place preserving evidence of past human activity

고고학 유적지

study of past societies through physical remains

고고학

collection of preserved historical records

기록 보관소; 보존된 기록의 모음

agreement to stop fighting

휴전 협정; 휴전

object made or modified by people in the past

인공물; 유물

surround a defended place to force surrender

포위하다; 에워싸 공격하다

regional period marked by widespread bronze use

청동기 시대

raised earth covering one or more graves

봉분; 무덤을 덮은 흙이나 돌더미

place where dead people were buried

매장지; 무덤이 있는 장소

group traveling together with pack animals or vehicles

상단; 함께 이동하는 여행자 무리

soldiers trained to fight while mounted on horses

기병

government directed from a single central authority

중앙 집권 통치

arranged in the order events happened

시간순의; 연대순의

the order and timing of past events

연대순; 연표

independent state consisting of a city and nearby land

도시 국가

large organized society with developed institutions

문명; 문명 사회

coins issued or used by a state or community

주화; 한 국가나 공동체의 유통 동전

control of a territory by an outside power

식민 통치

establish outside political control over a territory

식민지로 만들다; …에 식민 통치를 확립하다

territory controlled by a power based elsewhere

식민지

begin to control a government or state

집권하다; 권력을 잡다

honor the memory of a person or past event

기념하다; 추모하다

take control of a place through military force

정복하다; 무력으로 점령하다

ceremony formally crowning a ruler

대관식