TOEFL語彙

to state clearly what a word means or what something includes

定義する；範囲や意味を明確にする

A statement explaining what a word or concept means.

定義；語や概念の意味を説明する記述

to give a planned speech, lecture, or presentation to an audience

講演や発表をする

to show clearly that something is true or how something works

実証する；実演する；明確に示す

having many things closely packed together or a large amount within a space

密集した；密な

to be determined by something else or to need it in order to happen or function

～次第である；～に依存する

needing or being determined by another person, thing, or condition

依存する；他の条件によって決まる

to say or write what someone or something is like

描写する；様子を言葉で述べる

explaining what something is like rather than why it occurs

記述的な；物事がどのようなものかを説明する

to plan the form, arrangement, or procedure of something before making or carrying it out

設計する；形や実施手順を計画する

worth having or achieving because of expected benefits

望ましい；期待される利点があり、実現する価値がある

without being prevented or changed by the fact or situation mentioned

～にもかかわらず

to remove something from another thing to which it is attached

取り外す；分離する；つながっている部分から切り離す

A small individual fact or feature of a larger whole.

細部；全体の中の個別の事実や特徴

providing many specific facts or small points of information

詳しい；多くの具体的な情報を含む

to discover the presence of something that is not immediately obvious

検出する；気付く；見つける

to become worse in condition, quality, or effectiveness

悪化する；質や状態が低下する

to find out something through investigation, reasoning, or calculation

突き止める；確かめる

causing harm or making a situation worse

有害な；不利に働く

to gradually form, grow, or become more fully established, or cause something to do so

発展する；形成する；徐々に整える

the gradual formation or change of something as it becomes more fully established

発展；形成；徐々に整備すること

to be unlike another person or thing in a relevant respect

異なる；違いがある

A difficult choice between alternatives with drawbacks.

ジレンマ；それぞれに難点のある選択肢の間で迷う状況

a particular aspect of a situation or subject that has several different sides

側面；観点；次元

to become smaller, weaker, or less important, or make something so

減る；弱まる；低下させる

having a connection without an intervening person, thing, or step

直接の；人や物、段階を間に挟まない

A feature or condition that makes something less favorable.

不利な点；欠点；選択肢の望ましさを下げる特徴や条件

To hold a different opinion from another person or reject a particular view.

～に反対する；異なる意見を持つ、または見解を受け入れない

to talk or write about a subject while considering its relevant details or different aspects

話し合う；論じる