TOEFL語彙

water application through small outlets near plants

点滴灌漑。

To remove a course from the set of classes one is taking.

履修を取り消す；選択した科目を外す

to make a short, informal visit to a person or place

立ち寄る；気軽に短時間訪ねる

to take something to a place and leave it there for someone or for a stated purpose

届けて置いてくる；立ち寄って届ける

prolonged shortage of precipitation and available water

干ばつ

sleepy and less alert

眠い；うとうとする

The date by which an assignment or other required work must be completed or submitted.

提出期限日；完了・提出すべき日

legally required fair procedures for government actions affecting protected interests

適正手続；法が求める公正な手続き

caused by or happening because of the factor named afterward

～が原因で；～のために

resistant to damage or wear over time

耐久性のある；長持ちする

relating to a ruling family and its continuity

王朝の；支配者の家系に関する

succession of rulers from the same family

王朝；同じ家系の支配者が続く時代

recognition of condition at an initial stage

早期発見

sudden ground shaking caused by movement within Earth

地震

reflected sound heard separately after original

反響；こだま

A communication setting in which similar views are repeatedly reinforced while alternatives are excluded, discounted, or given little attention.

エコーチェンバー；似た見解が繰り返し強化され、異なる見方が排除・軽視される情報交流の場

way a species uses resources and interacts with its environment

生態的地位；ニッチ

gradual change in the species making up a community

生態的遷移；群落遷移

Relating to the production, distribution, or use of goods and services, or the organization of an economy.

経済に関する；商品やサービスの生産・分配・利用、または経済の仕組みに関わる

An increase over time in an economy's output of goods and services after allowing for price changes.

経済成長；価格変動の影響を除いた、経済全体の商品・サービスの産出の増加

Reductions in average cost per unit that can occur when the scale of production increases.

規模の経済；生産規模の拡大によって生じ得る、単位あたり平均費用の低下

The system of producing, distributing, and using goods and services in a country, region, or other community.

経済；国・地域などの共同体における商品やサービスの生産・分配・利用の仕組み

community interacting with its physical environment

生態系

A person who selects, checks, and prepares material for publication or broadcast.

編集者；出版や放送に使う素材を選び、確認し、整理する人

An article that expresses the view of a publication or its editors on a matter of public interest.

社説；公共的な問題について出版物や編集者の見解を示す記事

A change produced by an action or condition.

影響；効果；行動や条件によって生じる変化

The degree to which intended results are achieved.

有効性；意図した結果を達成する程度

ability of intervention to produce intended effect under study conditions

有効性；試験条件下での治療や介入の効果

The extent to which time, energy, or other resources are used without waste.

効率；時間、労力などの資源を無駄なく使う程度