TOEFL語彙

curved structure transmitting loads to side supports

アーチ；アーチ状の支持構造

distinct deposit preserving traces of past activity

考古学的な堆積層；過去の活動の痕跡を含む層

place preserving evidence of past human activity

考古遺跡

study of past societies through physical remains

考古学

person who designs buildings

建築家；建物とその空間を設計する人

recognizable set of features in building design

建築様式；建物の形、材料、装飾に見られる特徴的な組み合わせ

art and practice of designing buildings

建築；建物を設計する芸術と実践

collection of preserved historical records

文書資料のコレクション；記録保管庫

Used to indicate that there are reasons for a view, while allowing that others may disagree.

～と言えるだろう；異論の余地を認めつつ、理由のある見解を示す語

to give reasons intended to support a particular opinion or conclusion

論じる；理由を示して主張する

A connected set of reasons offered to support a position or conclusion.

論証；立場や結論を支えるための、関連した一連の理由

extremely dry because precipitation is scarce

乾燥した；雨の少ない

to begin to exist or occur, especially as a situation, issue, or difficulty

生じる；起こる；発生する

agreement to stop fighting

休戦協定；戦闘停止の合意

to put things or events into a particular order or position

並べる；順序や位置を整える

care and treatment that safeguard artworks and their significance

美術品の保存；作品の素材と意義を将来に残すための研究、管理、処置

grouping of artists or works linked by shared aims or approaches

芸術運動；ある歴史的背景の中で共通の考え、目的、手法によって結び付く芸術家や作品の集まり

blood vessel carrying blood away from heart

動脈

To form speech sounds by positioning and moving the tongue, lips, and other parts of the vocal tract.

調音する。舌や唇などの発音器官の位置や動きによって音声を作る。

object made or modified by people in the past

人工物；遺物

The field and technologies concerned with computer systems that perform tasks such as recognizing patterns, making predictions, or generating responses.

人工知能；パターン認識や予測などの作業を研究・実現する計算技術

object or image created as art

美術作品；芸術作品

as a result of the event or situation named afterward

～の結果として；～のために

used to introduce something that happens because of an earlier event or situation

その結果；したがって

considered together as one complete unit rather than as separate parts

一つの全体として；全体で見ると

used to connect a statement or action with something that was discussed earlier

先に話し合ったとおり；以前の話し合いと現在の内容を結び付ける表現

Used to limit a statement to what the speaker can judge from the information available.

私の判断する限りでは；手元の情報から分かる範囲では

used to introduce the exact details, list, or explanation that appears immediately afterward

次のとおり；直後に具体的な内容、一覧、説明を示す表現

a number equal to the number associated with the reference being compared

～と同じ数の；～と同じくらい多く（数えられる対象）