TOEFL語彙

when considered alongside the person, thing, or situation named afterward

～と比較すると

in conclusion

used to introduce a final statement that brings a discussion or piece of writing to a close

結論として；議論や文章を締めくくる最後の記述を導く表現

in excess of

prep. · C1 · L2

greater than the stated number or amount

～を超えて；～より多く

in fact

used to introduce information presented as true, often to correct or strengthen something just said

実際には；事実として；前の内容を補足、強調、訂正する表現

in general

when considering what is usually true rather than every individual case or detail

一般に；通常の傾向を大まかに述べる表現

in large part

mainly, although not completely or exclusively

大部分は；大いに；主として

in light of

Considering particular information or circumstances when forming a judgment or deciding what to do.

～を踏まえて；判断や行動の決定に際して情報や状況を考慮して

in my view

used to mark a statement as the speaker's or writer's own judgment

私の考えでは；私は〜と思う

in other words

used to express the same main idea again in a clearer or different way

言い換えると；つまり

in parallel

adv. · C1 · L2

with separate activities or processes taking place at the same time

並行して；同時に進めて

in particular

used to direct special attention to one selected person, thing, or aspect within a broader context

特に；広い文脈の中の特定の対象や側面に注意を向ける表現

in practice

In actual use or real situations, as distinct from a plan, theory, or general idea.

実際には；実際の運用で；計画・理論・一般的な構想と対比して

in principle

At the level of a general idea or rule, without settling every practical detail.

原則として；実施の細部をすべて決めたわけではなく、一般的な考えや規則の段階で

in proportion to

prep. · B2 · L2

in a way that corresponds to the relative amount or size of something else

～に比例して；～の割合に応じて

in response to

as a reaction to an event, request, or change

～に応じて；～への反応として

in sequence

one after another in a particular order

順番に；順序に従って

in spite of

prep. · B1 · L1

despite the difficulty, fact, or situation mentioned

～にもかかわらず；～をものともせず

in summary

used to introduce a condensed statement of the main points already presented

要約すると；前に示した要点を短くまとめる表現

in support of

Providing reasons, evidence, or backing for a claim, proposal, or position.

～を支持して；主張・提案・立場を支える理由や証拠、賛同を示して

in terms of

prep. · B1 · L1

with reference to a specified aspect or measure used to describe, assess, or compare something

～の点では；記述、評価、比較する側面や尺度を示す表現

in the course of

during the progress or development of a particular activity or period

～の過程で；～の間に

in the event of

prep. · C1 · L2

if the situation named afterward happens

～が起きた場合には；万一～なら

in the long run

over a long period, when later effects are considered

長い目で見れば；長期的な結果としては

in the meantime

during the period before another event happens or a situation changes

それまでの間に；待っている間に

in the same way

using a similar method or showing a similar relationship

同じ方法で；同様に

in this respect

when considering the particular aspect that has just been mentioned

この点では；直前に述べた特定の側面について

in time

early enough to do something or avoid missing an opportunity

間に合って；遅すぎないうちに

in total