TOEFL語彙

to make certain that something happens or is the case

確実にする；確保する

A business or organization engaged in commercial activity.

企業；商業活動を行う組織

To keep people interested or amused through a performance, activity, or story.

楽しませる；公演・活動・物語を通じて人の関心を引き、愉快にさせる

Activities, performances, or content intended to interest or amuse people.

娯楽；人々の関心を引いたり楽しませたりするための活動・公演・コンテンツ

completely or in every part of the respect being discussed

完全に；全面的に

legal right to receive a specified benefit or service

法律や規則に基づき給付やサービスを受ける権利

A person who starts or organizes a business, taking on uncertainty and responsibility in pursuing an opportunity.

起業家；機会を追求するために事業を始めたり組織したりし、不確実性や責任を引き受ける人

Relating to starting or developing a business by recognizing opportunities and organizing resources.

起業に関する；機会を見いだし、資源を組織して事業を始めたり発展させたりすることに関わる

disease occurrence above expected level in population

（疾病の）流行

study of distribution and determinants of population health

疫学

Memory of personally experienced events, including their setting and a sense of having lived through them.

エピソード記憶；自分が経験した出来事と、その状況についての記憶

the same in amount, size, degree, or status in the relevant comparison

等しい；比較する量、程度、地位などが同じ

principle of equal treatment by the law

法の平等な保護

imaginary line at zero latitude

赤道。

A market state in which the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded at the prevailing price.

均衡；現在の価格で供給量と需要量が等しくなる市場の状態

Equality in value, meaning, or function, not necessarily identity.

同等性；等価性；価値、意味、機能が同等であること

having the same value, function, or effect in the respect being considered

同等の；関係する価値や働きが等しい

gradually wear away soil or rock

侵食する；侵食される

wearing away and movement of soil or rock by natural agents

侵食；土壌や岩石の削り取りと移動

release lava, gas, or ash from a volcano

（火山が）噴火する

A structured piece of writing that develops ideas about a particular subject.

小論文；論述文

A question that requires an extended written answer explaining or discussing a topic.

論述問題；まとまった文章で説明や議論をする問題

completely necessary for a particular purpose or result

不可欠な；なくてはならない

to show through evidence or investigation that something is true or exists

確証を得る；証拠により確立する

to calculate or judge an approximate amount, value, or size when an exact figure is unavailable

推定する；概算する

partly enclosed coastal water mixing river water and seawater

河口域；河口湾

Relating to a group connected by a perceived shared cultural background, ancestry, language, or traditions.

民族的な；共通の文化的背景に関係する

A social identity associated with a perceived shared cultural background, such as ancestry, language, or traditions.

民族的アイデンティティー；祖先、言語、伝統など、共有されていると考えられる文化的背景に関わる帰属意識

The tendency to judge other cultures by the standards of one's own, often treating one's own culture as superior.

自文化中心主義；自分の文化の基準で他の文化を評価する傾向