TOEFL語彙

decay or cause organic material to break down

分解する；分解される；腐敗する

organism obtaining nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter

分解者

intended mainly to make something more attractive

装飾的な；主に外観を美しくするための

to become less in amount, number, or degree, or make something less

減る；減らす；低下する

To convert encrypted information back into its readable form using the appropriate cryptographic method and key.

復号する；適切な暗号方式と鍵で、暗号化情報を読める形に戻す

to reach a conclusion by reasoning from information or facts already available

推論する；推し量って結論を導く

person or organization facing a legal case

被告；刑事事件の被告人

To arrange for an accepted place or planned course of study to begin later.

入学や学習の開始を延期する

insufficient amount of a required nutrient

（栄養素の）欠乏；不足

to state clearly what a word means or what something includes

定義する；範囲や意味を明確にする

A statement explaining what a word or concept means.

定義；語や概念の意味を説明する記述

A sustained decrease in the general level of prices across an economy.

デフレーション；経済全体の物価水準が持続的に低下すること

loss of forest cover as land is converted to other uses

森林破壊；森林の伐採・消失

An academic qualification awarded by a university after a prescribed program of study.

学位

A review or report comparing completed coursework with the requirements of a degree.

学位要件の充足状況の確認；卒業要件確認報告

An organized course of study that leads to a university degree.

学位課程

A course, credit total, or other condition that must be completed to earn a degree.

学位要件；学位取得に必要な条件

body water loss exceeding replacement

脱水

Choosing to wait for a later benefit rather than taking an available immediate reward.

満足の遅延；すぐに得られる報酬を取らず、後の利益を待つことを選ぶこと

to give a planned speech, lecture, or presentation to an audience

講演や発表をする

deposited landform at a river mouth

三角州。

political system in which the people exercise governing authority

民主主義；民主政体

Relating to the size, composition, distribution, or change of a human population.

人口統計の；人口の特徴や変化に関する

A long-term shift in a population from generally high birth and death rates to generally low ones.

人口転換；出生率と死亡率がともに高い状態から、低い状態へと移る長期的な過程

The study of human populations, including their size, composition, distribution, and changes through births, deaths, and migration.

人口学

to show clearly that something is true or how something works

実証する；実演する；明確に示す

To refer directly to or designate something through a word, expression, or symbol.

表す。指し示す。語、表現、記号によって何かを直接指す。

having many things closely packed together or a large amount within a space

密集した；密な

having many residents relative to land area

人口が密集した。人口密度の高い。