TOEFL語彙

broad period when stone tools were central technologies

石器時代

implement made by shaping stone

石器；石製の道具

study of layers and their relationships

層序学；地層の重なりと相互関係の研究

transfer of a throne or ruling position

王位継承；統治者の地位を受け継ぐこと

flat slab used as a writing surface

書写用の粘土板；石板

constructed place for burying the dead

墓；墓室

investigate how something first developed

～の起源をたどる

regular path used to move goods between places

交易路；商業上の物資輸送路

crossing or connecting opposite sides of the Atlantic

大西洋を横断する；大西洋の両岸を結ぶ

payment made to acknowledge a stronger ruler's power

貢ぎ物；貢納

discover buried objects by digging

掘り出す；発掘する

collective resistance against established authority

蜂起；支配への集団的な抵抗

person owing service and loyalty to a lord

封臣；主君に忠誠と奉仕を誓う臣下

information about past activity preserved in writing

文字による記録；文書記録