TOEFL語彙

broad period when stone tools were central technologies

石器時代

implement made by shaping stone

石器；石製の道具

study of layers and their relationships

層序学；地層の重なりと相互関係の研究

transfer of a throne or ruling position

王位継承；統治者の地位を受け継ぐこと

flat slab used as a writing surface

書写用の粘土板；石板

constructed place for burying the dead

墓；墓室

investigate how something first developed

～の起源をたどる

regular path used to move goods between places

交易路；商業上の物資輸送路

crossing or connecting opposite sides of the Atlantic

大西洋を横断する；大西洋の両岸を結ぶ

estimating wood age by matching growth patterns

年輪年代測定

payment made to acknowledge a stronger ruler's power

貢ぎ物；貢納

collective resistance against established authority

蜂起；支配への集団的な抵抗

person owing service and loyalty to a lord

封臣；主君に忠誠と奉仕を誓う臣下

information about past activity preserved in writing

文字による記録；文書記録