TOEFL語彙

how clean or polluted the air is

空気の質；大気質

underground material that can supply useful quantities of groundwater

帯水層

extremely dry because precipitation is scarce

乾燥した；雨の少ない

pressure exerted by the surrounding air

大気圧；気圧

carbon-containing gas central to respiration and climate

二酸化炭素

greenhouse gas emissions attributable to a person, product, or activity

カーボンフットプリント；温室効果ガス排出量

reservoir taking in more carbon than it releases over a period

炭素吸収源

remove unwanted waste or contamination from an area

清掃する；汚染を除去する

usual weather patterns over many years

気候

persistent change in average climate and its variability

気候変動

relating to land or water close to the sea

沿岸の；海岸の

change from vapor into liquid droplets

凝結する；液化する

protection and responsible management of natural resources

保全；自然資源の保護

protect resources by limiting wasteful use

節約する；（資源を）保全する

introduce an unwanted substance into water, soil, or another material

汚染する；不純物を混入させる

condition or process of becoming impure through unwanted substances

汚染；不純物の混入

slow change in the positions of continents

大陸移動

central metallic part of Earth beneath the mantle

地球の核

outermost solid rock layer of Earth

地殻

loss of forest cover as land is converted to other uses

森林破壊；森林の伐採・消失

reduce the available quantity of a natural resource

枯渇させる；大幅に消耗させる

loss of land productivity in dry climates

砂漠化；乾燥地域の土地の劣化

prolonged shortage of precipitation and available water

干ばつ

sudden ground shaking caused by movement within Earth

地震

send gases or particles into the environment

（気体や粒子を）排出する；放出する

saving energy by limiting waste and consumption

省エネルギー；エネルギーの節約

gradually wear away soil or rock

侵食する；侵食される

wearing away and movement of soil or rock by natural agents

侵食；土壌や岩石の削り取りと移動

release lava, gas, or ash from a volcano

（火山が）噴火する