TOEFL語彙

animal such as a snake, lizard, turtle, or crocodile

爬虫類

all of a plant's roots considered together

根系

spread of seeds away from the parent plant

種子散布

environmental factor favoring some inherited traits

選択圧

production of offspring through the joining of reproductive cells

有性生殖

interbreeding group under the biological species concept

種；生物種

stay alive through difficult conditions

生き残る；生存する

close and persistent association between different species

共生（異種の生物間の密接で持続的な関係）

living on land rather than in water

陸生の；陸上に生息する

defending an area against other animals

縄張り意識のある；縄張りを守る

grow or develop very well

よく育つ；繁栄する

cells organized to perform a biological function

（生物の）組織

withstand an unfavorable condition without serious harm

（不利な環境に）耐える；耐性を持つ

animal belonging to the group with backbones

脊椎動物