Vocabulaire TOEFL

A computer or software that provides information or another service to requesting computers or programs.

服务器；向发出请求的计算机或程序提供信息或服务的计算机或软件

Computer programs and related instructions that tell a computer how to perform tasks.

软件；指导计算机执行任务的程序和相关指令

The capacity or means for keeping computer files and data so they can be accessed later.

存储；保存计算机文件和数据的空间或方式

To send or receive audio or video for playback while the data arrives, without first receiving the entire file.

以流式方式播放或传输；边接收数据边播放音视频

To make copies of digital information in different locations agree by transferring or applying changes.

同步；通过传递或应用修改使不同位置的数据保持一致

The development, introduction, or replacement of tools and technical methods over time.

技术变迁；工具和技术方法随时间发生的开发、引入或替代

To adjust a computational model using data and a learning procedure so that it can perform a task.

训练；通过数据和学习过程调整计算模型

Examples or other information used to fit or adjust a machine-learning model.

训练数据；用于拟合或调整机器学习模型的数据

Identity verification that requires two different types of proof, such as a password and possession of a security device.

双因素身份验证；要求两种不同类别身份凭据的验证方式，如密码加安全设备

To remove software that has been installed on a device.

卸载；移除设备上已安装的软件

To replace or change software so that it uses a newer or revised version.

更新；使软件使用较新的或修订后的版本

To improve a device or software system by adding better components or moving to a more capable version.

升级；通过更好的部件或功能更强的版本改进设备或软件系统

How effectively and easily intended users can use a product or system to achieve their goals in a particular context.

可用性；特定情境中的目标用户能多有效、多方便地使用产品或系统实现目标

The controls and displays through which a person interacts with a computer program or device.

用户界面；用户与程序或设备交互时使用的控件和显示内容

A meeting in which people in separate locations communicate using live video and audio.

视频会议；通过实时音视频进行的异地会议