PTE

The views held by members of the public about an issue or situation, considered collectively.

government income from taxes, fees, and other sources, excluding borrowed funds

an organization that supplies an essential service such as water, electricity, or gas to the public

resistance to an established ruler or authority, especially an organized attempt to reject its control

to hold the position of king, queen, or another sovereign

a major political change in which a government or ruling system is overthrown and replaced

organized support and services intended to protect people's basic well-being, especially when they face hardship

to provide public money to help cover the cost of an activity or make a service more affordable

an organized or widespread act of resistance, often involving force, against a government or ruling authority

a decision reached by a jury or judge at a trial about the questions placed before it

an action that breaks a law, rule, agreement, or campus policy

to officially designate land for particular uses under planning rules

a distinguishable deposit of material at a site that contains evidence of past activity

a place where physical traces of past human activity can be studied

the study of past human life through objects, structures, and other physical remains

a collection of records preserved because they have continuing historical or institutional value

an object made or changed by people that provides information about past human activity

a period in a region's past when bronze became an important material for tools, weapons, and other objects

a place used for burying one or more dead people

a large, organized human society with developed institutions, technologies, and ways of life

to gain control over a place or people by military force

the sharing and movement of ideas, skills, customs, and other cultural features between communities

a sequence of rulers belonging to the same family, or the period during which that family rules

to remove soil carefully from a place in order to uncover and study buried remains

a major historical transformation in which machine production and factories replace much hand production

words or signs written, carved, or marked on an object or surface, often to preserve a message

a period in a region's past when iron became widely used for tools and weapons

relating to the Middle Ages, especially the period in European history between ancient and early modern times

the study or preservation of past experiences through recorded interviews with people who remember them