PTE

difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or obtaining satisfactory sleep despite having the opportunity and conditions to sleep

poor nutritional status caused by deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in energy or nutrients

the chemical processes by which the body transforms substances and uses or stores energy to sustain life

to make an excessive physical effort or place too much strain on oneself or part of the body

to heat a food or drink under controlled conditions to destroy harmful microorganisms and improve its keeping quality

an organism or other biological agent capable of causing disease

treatment by a trained mental health professional using psychological methods to address emotional or behavioral difficulties

the separation or restriction of movement of people who may have been exposed to an infectious disease to limit possible spread

relating to breathing or the organs and processes involved in gas exchange

a summary of the known adverse effects and risks associated with a medicine or other intervention

involving sitting, reclining, or lying while awake with little energy expenditure

to use medicine or another substance for one's own symptoms without consulting a healthcare professional

a condition in which a person does not obtain enough sleep

to destroy or remove all forms of microbial life from an object or material through a suitable process

physical or psychological effects that may occur after reducing or stopping a substance to which the body has adapted

Concern for other people's welfare that motivates help without seeking a personal reward.

A tendency to rely too heavily on an initial value or piece of information when making a judgment.

A tendency for an individual to be less likely to offer needed help when other people are present.

Learning in which a previously neutral cue comes to produce a response after being associated with a stimulus that already produces a response.

The mental processes through which people learn, understand, remember, and think about information.

A systematic tendency in thinking that can distort judgments or interpretations.

to establish or change a learned response through associations between events or the consequences of behavior

A learned reaction elicited by a cue that has become associated with another stimulus.

A cue that comes to produce a learned response after being associated with another stimulus.

Learning in which associations between events or the consequences of behavior change later responses.

A tendency to favor information that supports existing beliefs while giving less attention to information that challenges them.

The adjustment of behavior or expressed opinions to match a group's expectations.

Choosing to wait for a later benefit rather than taking an available immediate reward.

The ability to perceive distance and the three-dimensional arrangement of objects.